hepatitis C virus lifecycle

Mouse antibody for Hepatitis C virus NS4b

Più di 170 milioni di persone in tutto il mondo sono infette dal virus dell’epatite C (HCV) e si stima che fino al 30% delle persone con infezione cronica svilupperà una malattia epatica progressiva. Nonostante i recenti progressi nel trattamento antivirale dell’infezione da HCV, rimane un grave problema di salute pubblica. Pertanto, è urgente lo sviluppo di un vaccino efficace. In questo studio, abbiamo costruito nuovi vettori di virus adeno-associati (AAV) che esprimono la proteina NS3 o NS3/4 a lunghezza intera del genotipo 1b dell’HCV. L’espressione della proteina NS3 o NS3/4 nelle cellule HepG2 è stata confermata dal western blotting. I topi C57BL/6 sono stati immunizzati per via intramuscolare con una singola iniezione di vettori AAV ed è stata studiata la risposta immunitaria risultante. Il vaccino AAV2/rh32.33.NS3/4 ha indotto risposte umorali e cellulari più forti rispetto a AAV2/rh32.33. Vaccino NS3. I nostri risultati dimostrano che i vaccini a base di AAV mostrano un notevole potenziale per lo sviluppo di un efficace vaccino anti-HCV.

hepatitis C virus lifecycle
hepatitis C virus lifecycle

Un nuovo vaccino genetico a base di virus adeno-associato che codifica per la proteina NS3/4 del virus dell’epatite C presenta proprietà immunogeniche nei topi superiori a quelle di un

Vaccino a base di proteine ​​NS3.

Più di 170 milioni di persone in tutto il mondo sono infette dal virus dell’epatite C (HCV) e
fino a circa il 30% degli individui con infezione cronica andrà a svilupparsi in modo progressivo
malattia del fegato. Nonostante i recenti progressi nel trattamento antivirale dell’infezione da HCV, rimane
un grave problema di salute pubblica. Pertanto, lo sviluppo di un vaccino efficace è urgente
necessario. In questo studio, abbiamo costruito nuovi vettori di virus adeno-associati (AAV).
esprimendo la proteina NS3 o NS3/4 a lunghezza intera del genotipo 1b dell’HCV. L’espressione del
La proteina NS3 o NS3/4 nelle cellule HepG2 è stata confermata dal western blotting. C57BL/6 topi
were intramuscularly immunised with a single injection of AAV vectors, and the resultan t
immune response was investigated. The AAV2/rh32.33.NS3/4 vaccine induced stronger
humoral and cellular responses than did the AAV2/rh32.33.NS3 vaccine. Our results dem-
onstrate that AAV-based vaccines exhibit considerable potential for the development of an
effective anti-HCV vaccine.

Introduction

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a major public health problem affecting more than 170
million people worldwide and is a leading cause of cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and
liver failure [
1]. Treatment for HCV has progressed rapidly, especially for genotype 1. Previ-
ously, the standard treatment for HCV genotype 1 infection is peginterferon plus ribavirin,
with a SVR rate of less than 50%. Then from 2011, combination of the protease inhibitor with
peginterferon and ribavirin increased the sustained virological response (SVR) rates to 70% for
untreated HCV genotype 1 infection [
23]. Since 2014, the interferon-free regimen of ledipas-
vir/sofosbuvir (Harvoni,Gilead Sciences) resulted in more than 95% SVR rates in patients with
HCV 1b infection [45]. However, high cost of these treatments highly limited their access in
developing countries, where the disease burden is greatest. Nowadays, no effective vaccine has
been demonstrated to date despite identification of several vaccine candidates in preclinical
and clinical trials [
610]. Therefore, development of an effective, safe, and affordable anti-
HCV vaccine is a matter of great urgency.
HCV is a positive-strand RNA virus of the Flaviviridae family, which exists as seven major
genotypes and several subtypes [
11]. Genotype 1b HCV is the most prevalent form worldwide,
particularly in Europe and East Asia. When HCV enters the cytoplasm, the viral RNA genome
is translated into a polyprotein that undergoes proteolytic cleavage by cellular and viral prote-
ases into three structural viral proteins (core, E1, and E2), a small membrane polypeptide (p7),
and six non-structural proteins (NS2, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, NS5A, and NS5B) [
1214]. The NS3/
4 protein complex of HCV has important protease and helicase activities and participates in
the replication module with NS5A and NS5B. A set of CD4
+
T-cell epitopes has been identified
within the NS3/4 region; these epitopes may be optimal candidates for use in immunotherapy
for HCV infection [
15]. The NS3 protein has important protease and RNA helicase activities.
Multiple CTL epitopes have been identified in the NS3 region, the cellular immune response
against which determines the viral persistence outcome [
16]. Several studies have shown that
NS3-specific T-cell responses correlate with resolution of acute HCV infection [
1719]. There-
fore, NS3 may be an ideal candidate for a novel vaccine [20]
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